What is immunization
Release time : 06/14/2025 09:30:01
As for vaccines, I believe everyone has been vaccinated when they were young. Of course, now that they become mothers, their children also have to be vaccinated! Vaccination is a form of immunization and is often referred to as immunization.
Generally speaking, children born in the first three months of life gradually lose their immunity from their mothers' bodies. It takes six years for a child to develop its own immune system. During this process, various vaccines are administered to protect them.
What is Immunization? The process of immunization involves the introduction of immunogens or immunologic substances into the human body through artificial means, enabling the body to undergo autoimmune responses.
General vaccinations for children include those against diphtheria, pertussis, poliomyelitis, and encephalitis.
Since adults already have these antibodies, they do not need to be vaccinated again.
These, in a way, are also considered exclusive vaccines for children.
Immunization involves administering vaccines to individuals without a disease outbreak, thereby generating antibodies against specific pathogenic agents and thus enhancing the body's immune response.
As long as the immunization is implemented according to the reasonable procedures, it can play its immune effect and keep the baby in a high level of immune.
The National immunization program is based on a planned vaccination system.
But still many mothers don't know much about immunization methods.
In fact, vaccines will vary according to their own characteristics.
Commonly used methods include superficial scratches (which are rarely used at present), intradermal, subcutaneous, oral and aerosol routes.
1. Injection includes subcutaneous injection, intradermal injection, and intramuscular injection.
Generally, dead vaccines are mostly injected subcutaneously, while live vaccines can be injected intradermal.
For example, measles vaccine, epidemic encephalitis vaccine, Japanese encephalitis vaccine, etc. are all injected subcutaneously.
The hepatitis B vaccine, DPT triple vaccine, etc. are injected intramuscularly.
2. Oral administration, such as live polio vaccine (mainly sugar pills), is usually administered orally.
3. Spray inhalation can be divided into nasal and aerosol inhalation, mainly used for the prevention of respiratory tract infections such as influenza vaccines.
During the process of vaccination, it is also important to be mindful of potential contraindications. What are the main exclusions? 1. Allergy to vaccines such as typhoid, pertussis, and rabies vaccines may lead to sudden death, and should be used with caution.
2. Infants with immune deficiency should not receive live vaccines, and they may not produce antibodies or have poor efficacy against the dead vaccine, which could even be life-threatening.
3. Under conditions such as fever, cardiovascular disease, liver and kidney diseases, hypertension, diabetes, etc., vaccination should not be performed to prevent the worsening of the disease.
4. If the baby has eczema or other severe skin conditions at this time, it is important to pay attention to which vaccines can be administered and which ones cannot.
5. For babies with severe allergy constitutions, they are considered "absolute contraindications," and absolutely cannot be vaccinated to prevent life-threatening complications.
6. Premature infants and infants with difficult deliveries are not eligible for vaccination during their illness, and only after the condition improves can they receive booster doses.
Are there any side effects of immunization? Immunization is an antibody vaccine that is relatively suitable for most people. Some subtle side effects will also appear. Normally, it can heal itself, so don't worry.
However, there will inevitably be some side effects in special times or in some special groups of people.
1. Normal reactions, such as mild swelling and pain in the vaccinated area, especially for babies with smooth skin. Hardness on the buttocks during vaccination is also a normal reaction. Mom doesn't have to worry.
Secondly, it may also induce fever and discomfort across the body. It usually lasts for 1-2 days and can recover on its own. This is a normal reaction.
Generally, no special treatment is needed, as long as you pay attention to replenishing water for your baby in a timely manner and rest more.
2. Abnormal reactions If local infection, abscess, rash, allergic shock, etc. appear after vaccination, it is a special situation. The baby's reaction after vaccination should be observed in time. If there are these reactions, the next step of treatment should be carried out in time. Don't think it's okay.
Can you be vaccinated when you are sick? This may be a question that many mothers ask, because they always think that it is time for their babies to be vaccinated and must be vaccinated in order to protect their babies. This idea is right! However, this vaccination time coincides with this time when the baby is uncomfortable, such as fever, cold, cough, etc. What should I do? Precisely speaking, you cannot be vaccinated if you are sick.
You can wait until your baby is better before continuing the vaccination.
Generally speaking, the vaccination interval of 28 to 56 days is within the normal vaccination range, and vaccination can be continued normally.
Moreover, take careful care of your baby one week before vaccination to reduce symptoms such as colds.
If you feel uncomfortable, do not force yourself to vaccinate to avoid other side effects.
When the baby is vaccinated just after recovering, pay close attention to the baby's condition after vaccination. If there is an abnormal reaction, seek medical attention promptly.
Do you know anything about baby vaccination? * The medical part covered in this article is for reading and reference only.
If you feel unwell, it is recommended to seek medical attention immediately, and the medical diagnosis and treatment will be subject to offline diagnosis.